Assessing job crafting competencies to predict tradeoffs between competing outcomes

We introduce the job crafting competency construct and apply it to predict tradeoffs between competing outcomes that are inherent in job crafting, like performance and well-being or engagement and withdrawal. Job crafting competencies are the clusters of individual knowledge, skills, and abilities that are necessary to achieve personal objectives through effective job crafting problem-solving. We create a framework of job crafting competencies consisting of comprehensive/simplistic heuristic information use and approach/avoidance problem-solving skills. In Study 1, we operationalize competencies as profiles demonstrated through an aptitude-oriented assessment that predicts differences in outcomes. Five distinct profiles emerged in a sample of 174 workers. The high-volume analytic problem-solving profile was associated with higher performance and strain, while the ambivalent acquiescence profile was associated with lower performance and strain. The practical problem-solving profile minimized tradeoffs between performance and strain. Rapid problem-solving and low-volume analytic problem-solving profiles were variants in between these other patterns. Study 2 used a survey of 323 workers to support the uniqueness of the five competencies, and their relationships with approach/avoidance job crafting, engagement, and withdrawal. The research identifies a new job crafting individual difference (job crafting competencies) to delineate outcomes and tradeoffs according to unique competency profiles.     

电力市场效率评估与碳市场价格设计——基于电碳市场关联视角下的传导率估计

厘清并量化电力市场与碳市场间的关联关系,是深化电力市场改革与实现"双碳"目标的重要抓手。本文基于2006—2018年中国100个地级及以上城市的面板数据,使用似不相关回归模型评估了电力市场效率,在此基础上研究了电、碳市场关联条件下碳价对电价的传导率,并对不同场景下全国碳市场的碳价进行了优化设计。研究发现:(1)与非试点地区相比,碳市场试点地区中电力市场的无谓损失率更低,并且市场效率的提高具有更高的碳减排作用。(2)电、碳市场关联条件下,碳价对电力市场中居民电价的传导率高于对工业电价的传导率,但均远低于完全竞争条件下的传导率水平。(3)传导率的提升能够缓解"降电价"与"碳减排"之间的矛盾。当前传导率下电力市场效率目标与碳减排目标的协同实现需要碳价的大幅提升,而在完全传导的理想情况下最优碳价约为40元/吨。(4)长期而言,当前传导率下碳排放总量下降场景、经济增速放缓场景对应的最优碳价分别为255.05元/吨、173.63元/吨,而人口老龄化场景并未对最优碳价的设置形成约束。本文的研究不仅为电力市场与碳市场之间的关联奠定了理论基础,也为全国碳市场价格机制的优化设计提供了政策参考。     

万古霉素高产菌株选育及发酵配方优化

为了提高东方拟无枝酸菌产万古霉素的发酵单位,降低生产成本,采用紫外诱变、常压室温等离子体诱变对东方拟无枝酸菌出发菌株V19-02进行诱变处理,通过筛选链霉素抗性突变菌株,选育高产菌株;通过对发酵培养基中碳源和氮源进行筛选,选取葡萄糖、淀粉、低温豆粉、酵母粉4个因素进行均匀设计。结果表明,获得的高产菌株V19-1-07摇瓶发酵单位提高33.7%,且具有良好的传代稳定性;优化后的培养基配比质量分数为葡萄糖8.0%、淀粉1.0%、低温豆粉1.0%、酵母粉4.0%、氯化钠1.0%、磷酸二氢钾0.1%;小试结果证明,优化配方可使50 L罐发酵单位平均达到14 110 μg/mL,比原始配方提高了28.9%。因此,研究获得的高产菌株V19-1-07可应用于万古霉素工业化发酵生产,以帮助企业降低成本,进一步提高竞争力。     

“课程思政”理念下金融学课程的教学设计及创新

将课程思政融入金融学专业的教学是实现立德树人教育教学目标的重要途径。利用金融学专业课程众多历史案例,通过案例教学将金融知识、金融技能、金融素养和思政元素充分结合。运用线上线下相结合的翻转课堂教学方式,践行以学生为主体的教育观,将社会主义核心价值观和中华民族传统文化融入金融专业知识,为中国金融安全和长远发展培养具有专业知识和金融职业道德的全能型金融人才。     

风景道的规划设计:以鄂尔多斯风景道为例

文章首先简述了国外风景道规划设计的发展,然后对在中国发展风景道的特殊意义,以及国内已进行的风景道实践探索和理论提升进行了论述,并从总体理念与原则、目标与形象定位、景观及植物配置、游憩服务设施、交通和信息标示系统、声音景观设计等方面对鄂尔多斯风景道规划设计进行了较为详细的阐述,最后对我国风景道实践和理论的发展提出了建议.     

The Relevance of Organization Theory to the Field of Business and Information Systems Engineering

Information and communication systems (ICS) impact their organizational environment in significant ways; hence, the design, implementation, and use of ICS are inseparably linked to fundamental issues of organizational design and behavior. Current research in the field of business and information systems engineering (BISE), however, is primarily technology- or practice-oriented and concerned with the construction and validation of prototypes, whereas little attention is paid to theoretical insights into organizational phenomena and relationships. In this paper, we argue that paying more attention to organization theory would provide valuable guidance in addressing the close links between ICS on the one hand, and organizational systems on the other. To support our argument, we refer to selected theoretical perspectives and highlight their potential relevance to the BISE field.

Designing Ethical Organizations: Avoiding the Long-Term Negative Effects of Rewards and Punishments

Ethics researchers advise managers of organizations to link rewards and punishments to ethical and unethical behavior, respectively. We build on prior research maintaining that organizations operate at Kohlbergs stages of moral reasoning, and explain how the over-reliance on rewards and punishments encourages employees to operate at Kohlbergs lowest stages of moral reasoning. We advocate designing organizations as ethical communities and relying on different assumptions about employees in order to foster ethical reasoning at higher levels. Characteristics associated with ethical communities are identified and AES Corporation and Semco S/A serve as examples of corporations exhibiting the design characteristics and assumptions of ethical organizations.     

一体化供应链组合战略的构建

随着供应链之间竞争的加剧,单一地采用精细思想和敏捷思想设计供应链已经不能满足客户的要求。只有合理地运用精细思想和敏捷思想的组合战略,才能使供应链能够同时达到满足终端顾客的产品可获性和有能力购买性的双重需求。同时,使用模块化设计能够降低供应链组合策略的复杂性,增强供应链的适用性和通用性,使供应链结构变得简单化。     

存款保险制度由"隐"到"显"变革的博弈分析——基于大银行与中小银行间的公平竞争视角

我国正走在从“隐性存款保险制度”转为“显性”的道路上。在这一过程中,较之大型商业银行而言,中小银行似乎更乐意接受这一变化。以往有部分研究谈及过这一问题,但未有考虑不完美信息这一限定条件者。针对这一状况,本文在不完美信息的假定下,基于成本收益的博弈模型论证了隐性存款保险安排下,大型银行与中小银行面临着不公平的竞争环境;进而,分析了从“隐性”到“显性”变革的必要性;最后,就显性安排下如何保障大银行和中小银行间的公平进行了探讨。     

消费者信用评级指标体系的研究

消费者信用是指个体消费者为购买产品或服务而使用的信用,以消费者信用评级指标体系设计为原则,建立消费者信用评级指标体系,消费者各个信用评级指标体系,不同程度影响的消费者信用能力、潜力和认可度。